Liquid Crystal Equations with Infinite Energy Local Well-posedness and Blow Up Criterion

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem of the incompressible liquid crystal equations in $n$ dimensions. We prove the local well-posedness of mild solutions to the liquid crystal equations with $L^\infty$ initial data, in particular, the initial energy may be infinite. We prove that the solutions are smooth with respect to the space variables away from the initial time. Based on this regularity estimate, we employ the blow up argument and Liouville type theorems to establish vorticity direction type blow up criterions for the type I mild solutions established in the present paper

Global Strong and Weak Solutions to Nematic Liquid Crystal Flow in Two Dimensions

We consider the strong and weak solutions to the Cauchy problem of the inhomogeneous incompressible nematic liquid crystal equations in two dimensions. We first establish the local existence and uniqueness of strong solutions by using the standard domain expanding method, and then extend such local strong solution to be a global one, provided the initial density is away from vacuum and the initial direction field satisfies some geometric structure. The size of the initial data can be large. Based on such global existence results of strong solutions, by using compactness argument, we obtain the global existence of weak solutions with nonnegative initial density.Comment: 20 page

Local existence and uniqueness of strong solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations with nonnegative density

In this paper, we consider the initial-boundary value problem to the nonhomogeneous incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Local strong solutions are established, for any initial data $(\rho_0, u_0)\in (W^{1,\gamma} \cap L^\infty)\times H_{0,\sigma}^1$, with $\gamma>1$, and if $\gamma\geq2$, then the strong solution is unique. The initial density is allowed to be nonnegative, and in particular, the initial vacuum is allowed. The assumption on the initial data is weaker than the previous widely used one that $(\rho_0, u_0)\in (H^1 \cap L^\infty )\times(H_{0,\sigma}^1 \cap H^2)$, and no compatibility condition is required

Global well-posedness of the 1D compressible Navier-Stokes equations with constant heat conductivity and nonnegative density

In this paper we consider the initial-boundary value problem to the one-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations for idea gases. Both the viscous and heat conductive coefficients are assumed to be positive constants, and the initial density is allowed to have vacuum. Global existence and uniqueness of strong solutions is established for any $H^2$ initial data, which generalizes the well-known result of Kazhikhov--Shelukhin (Kazhikhov, A. V.; Shelukhin, V. V.: \emph{Unique global solution with respect to time of initial boundary value problems for one-dimensional equations of a viscous gas, J. Appl. Math. Mech., 41 (1977), 273--282.) to the case that with nonnegative initial density

Global Weak Solutions to Non-isothermal Nematic Liquid Crystals in 2D

In this paper, we prove the global existence of weak solutions to the non-isothermal nematic liquid crystal system on $\mathbb T^2$, based on a new approximate system which is different from the classical Ginzburg-Landau approximation. Local energy inequalities are employed to recover the estimates on the second order spacial derivatives of the director fields locally in time, which cannot be derived from the basic energy balance. It is shown that these weak solutions conserve the total energy and while the kinetic and potential energies transfer to the heat energy precisely. Furthermore, it is also established that these weak solutions have at most finite many singular times at which the energy concentration occurs, and as a result, the temperature must increase suddenly at each singular time on some part of $\mathbb T^2$.Comment: 40 page

Global Existence of Strong Solutions to Incompressible MHD

We establish the global existence and uniqueness of strong solutions to the initial boundary value problem for incompressible MHD equations in a bounded smooth domain of three spatial dimensions with initial density being allowed to have vacuum, in particular, the initial density can vanish in a set of positive Lebessgue measure. More precisely, under the assumption that the production of the quantities $|\sqrt\rho_0u_0|_{L^2(\Omega)}^2+|H_0|_{L^2(\Omega)}^2$ and $|\nabla u_0|_{L^2(\Omega)}^2+|\nabla H_0|_{L^2(\Omega)}^2$ is suitably small, with the smallness depending only on the bound of the initial density and the domain, we prove that there is a unique strong solution to the Dirichlet problem of the incompressible MHD system.Comment: 10 pages. Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis, 201

Entropy-bounded solutions to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations: with far field vacuum

The entropy is one of the fundamental states of a fluid and, in the viscous case, the equation that it satisfies is highly singular in the region close to the vacuum. In spite of its importance in the gas dynamics, the mathematical analyses on the behavior of the entropy near the vacuum region, were rarely carried out; in particular, in the presence of vacuum, either at the far field or at some isolated interior points, it was unknown if the entropy remains its boundedness. The results obtained in this paper indicate that the ideal gases retain their uniform boundedness of the entropy, locally or globally in time, if the vacuum occurs at the far field only and the density decays slowly enough at the far field. Precisely, we consider the Cauchy problem to the one-dimensional full compressible Navier-Stokes equations without heat conduction, and establish the local and global existence and uniqueness of entropy-bounded solutions, in the presence of vacuum at the far field only. It is also shown that, different from the case that with compactly supported initial density, the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, with slowly decaying initial density, can propagate the regularities in the inhomogeneous Sobolev spaces

The primitive equations as the small aspect ratio limit of the Navier-Stokes equations: rigorous justification of the hydrostatic approximation

An important feature of the planetary oceanic dynamics is that the aspect ratio (the ratio of the depth to horizontal width) is very small. As a result, the hydrostatic approximation (balance), derived by performing the formal small aspect ratio limit to the Navier-Stokes equations, is considered as a fundamental component in the primitive equations of the large-scale ocean. In this paper, we justify rigorously the small aspect ratio limit of the Navier-Stokes equations to the primitive equations. Specifically, we prove that the Navier-Stokes equations, after being scaled appropriately by the small aspect ratio parameter of the physical domain, converge strongly to the primitive equations, globally and uniformly in time, and the convergence rate is of the same order as the aspect ratio parameter. This result validates the hydrostatic approximation for the large-scale oceanic dynamics. Notably, only the weak convergence of this small aspect ratio limit was rigorously justified before.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.0169

Existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to viscous primitive equations for certain class of discontinuous initial data

We establish some conditional uniqueness of weak solutions to the viscous primitive equations, and as an application, we prove the global existence and uniqueness of weak solutions, with the initial data taken as small $L^\infty$ perturbations of functions in the space $X=\left\{v\in (L^6(\Omega))^2|\partial_zv\in (L^2(\Omega))^2\right\}$; in particular, the initial data are allowed to be discontinuous. Our result generalizes in a uniform way the result on the uniqueness of weak solutions with continuous initial data and that of the so-called $z$-weak solutions.Comment: 33 page

Global small solutions of heat conductive compressible Navier-Stokes equations with vacuum: smallness on scaling invariant quantity

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem to the heat conductive compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the presence of vacuum and with vacuum far field. Global well-posedness of strong solutions is established under the assumption, among some other regularity and compatibility conditions, that the scaling invariant quantity $\|\rho_0\|_\infty(\|\rho_0\|_3+\|\rho_0\|_\infty^2\|\sqrt{\rho_0}u_0\|_2^2)(\|\nabla u_0\|_2^2+\|\rho_0\|_\infty\|\sqrt{\rho_0}E_0\|_2^2)$ is sufficiently small, with the smallness depending only on the parameters $R, \gamma, \mu, \lambda,$ and $\kappa$ in the system. The total mass can be either finite or infinite